氦气渗透导致铷原子钟频率漂移的计算与分析
收稿日期: 2023-11-01
网络出版日期: 2024-08-23
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12173064)
Calculation and Analysis of Helium-permeation-induced Frequency Drift of the Rubidium Atomic Clock
Received date: 2023-11-01
Online published: 2024-08-23
氦气渗透导致的铷原子钟吸收泡内铷原子与氦气碰撞频移发生变化,从而影响铷原子钟频率漂移率．为了量化分析这一影响，选取厚度为1 mm，直径为1.8 cm，长为1.6 cm，工作温度为65 ℃的圆柱型玻璃气泡为例，通过数值方法模拟了派热克斯玻璃（Pyrex，康宁7740）与低氦渗透的铝硅酸盐玻璃（ASG，康宁1720）原子气泡内氦气压随时间的变化规律．计算结果显示，对于Pyrex气泡，铷原子钟工作约12年后，氦渗透致频率漂移率降低至<1.0×10-14/天；而ASG气泡铷原子钟在其寿命期间内的氦渗透致频率漂移率始终<3.0×10-17/天，其对铷原子钟漂移率的贡献可忽略不计．该计算方法同样适用于其它种类气体在不同玻璃材料的渗透过程研究．
李豆 , 王鹏飞 , 钟达 , 梅刚华 , 康松柏 . 氦气渗透导致铷原子钟频率漂移的计算与分析[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2024 , 41(3) : 331 -340 . DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20243089
Due to the collision-shift effect, helium permeation into the vapor cell causes a time-dependent frequency drift in rubidium atomic clock. To quantify this shift, a cylindrical vapor cell with dimensions of 1.8 cm in diameter, 1.6 cm in height, and 1 mm in thickness, operating at a temperature of 65 ℃, is selected for analysis. Numerical methods are employed to simulate the temporal variation of helium gas pressure within atomic vapor cells composed of Pyrex (Corning 7740) and low helium-permeable aluminosilicate (Corning 1720). The results of the calculations indicate that for Pyrex vapor cells, after 12 years of operation, the drift rate attributable to helium permeation decreases to less than 1.0×10-14/day. In contrast, the frequency drift rate due to helium permeation in aluminosilicate vapor cell rubidium atomical clocks remains below 3.0×10-17/day throughout their operational lifetime, rendering its contribution to the drift rate negligible. This computational approach is also applicable to the investigation of the permeation processes of other gaseous species in various glass materials.
Key words： helium permeation; rubidium atomic clock; frequency drift; vapor cell; Pyrex; aluminosilicate
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