A hydrogen maser confines hydrogen atoms in the storage bulb and produces self-sustained oscillation in a low-loss resonance cavity. In this work, a miniaturized hydrogen maser was designed and fabricated utilizing a dielectric loaded cavity having a low frequency-temperature coefficient. The frequency stability and accuracy of the hydrogen maser were analyzed. The experimentally measured atomic storage time of the hydrogen maser was 0.4 s, and the frequency stability 5.6×10-15/(1 000 s), agreeing with the design.
HE Ke-liang
,
ZHANG Wei-qun
,
Lin Chuan-fu
. Design of the Atomic Storage Time of a Miniaturized Hydrogen Maser[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2020
, 37(2)
: 200
-208
.
DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20192712
[1] KLEPPNER D, GOLDENBERG H M, RAMSEY N F. Theory of the hydrogen maser[J]. Phys Rev, 1962, 126:603-608.
[2] PETERS H E. Hydrogen masers using cavity frequency-switching servos:Present system design and possible improvements[J]. Metrologia, 2006, 43:353-360.
[3] DEMIDOV N, VORONTSOV V, BELYAEV A, et al. Studies of a short and long-term stability of an hydrogen maser with stand alone cavity auto tuning[C]. Gothenburg:Proceedings of 26th European Frequency and Time Forum Meeting. USA:IEEE, 2012:488-493.
[4] ALEYNIKOV M S, BLINOV I Y. Parameters of double selection of atoms in a hydrogen maser and the use of its signal in a fountain-type frequency standard[J]. Meas Tech+, 2015, 58(8):892-897.
[5] ALEYNIKOV M S. A study of atomic magnetic transitions during operation of an H-maser double-state selection system[J]. Meas Tech+, 2016, 59(3):235-238.
[6] BOYKO A I, ALEYNIKOV M S. An active hydrogen maser with enhanced short-term stabilit[J]. Meas Tech+, 2014, 56(10):1140-1145.
[7] ALEYNIKOV M S. Magnetic state selection impact on double resonance effect in H-maser[C]. New Orleans:2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS), 2016.
[8] LAURENT P, MASSONNET D, CACCIAPUOTI L, et al. The ACES/PHARAO space mission[J]. CR Phys, 2015, 16(5):540-552.
[9] LITVINOV D A, RUDENKO V N, ALAKOZ A V, et al. Probing the gravitational redshift with an earth-orbiting satellite[J]. Phys Lett A, 2018, 382(33):2192-2198.
[10] ASHBY N, HEAVNER T P, JEFFERTS S R, et al. Testing local position invariance with four cesium fountain primary frequency standards and four NIST hydrogen masers[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2007, 98(7):070802.
[11] TURYSHEV S G, NAN YU, TOTH V T. General relativistic observables for the ACES experiment[J]. Phys Rev D, 2016, 93:045027.
[12] JORNOD A, GOUJON D, GRITTI D, et al. The 35kg space active hydrogen maser (shm-35) for ACES[C]. Tampa:Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Pda exhibition Jointly with 17th European Frequency and Time Forum, 2003:82-85.
[13] ZIVANOV S, SCHWEDA H, GOUJON D, et al. Physics package of the 35kg space active hydrogen maser for the ACES space mission of ESA[C]. Geneva:Proceedings of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium Jointly with the 21st European Frequency and Time Forum, 2007:637-641.
[14] SCHWEDA H, ZIVANOV S, PERRUCHOUD G, et al. Performance demonstration of the onboard active hydrogen maser for the ACES space mission of ESA[C]. Geneva:Proceedings of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium Jointly with the 21st European Frequency and Time Forum, 2007:1116-1121.
[15] YANG R F, ZHOU T Z, CHEN H B, et al. A new method to reduce frequency-temperature coefficient of sapphire loaded cavities for compact hydrogen masers[J]. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control, 2010, 57(3):583-586.
[16] YANG R F, ZHOU T Z, WANG N R, et al. Designs of a miniaturized sapphire loaded cavity for space-borne hydrogen masers[J]. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control, 2010, 57(3):587-591.
[17] VANIER J, AUDOIN C. The quantum physics of atomic frequency standards[M]. Philadelphia:IOP Publishing Ltd, 1989:452-457, 1012-1015.
[18] CRAMPTON S B, WANG H T M. Duration of hydrogen atom spin exchange collisions[J]. Phys Rev A, 1975, 12:1305-1312.
[19] HE K L, ZHANG W Q. Study on miniaturized hydrogen maser with dielectric loaded resonance cavity[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2016, 37(5):1164-1171. 何克亮, 张为群. 介质加载谐振腔的小型化氢脉泽的研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2016, 37(5):1164-1171.
[20] 王义遒, 王庆吉, 傅济时, 等. 量子频标原理[M]. 北京:北京大学出版社, 1986:424, 452-453
[21] CHEN P F, XIE Y H, LIN C F. Induction of hydrogen ramsey interference with pulsed microwave[J]. Chinese J Magn Reson, 2013, 30(3):361-370. 陈鹏飞, 谢勇辉, 林传富. 脉冲微波激发氢原子Ramsey干涉研究[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2013, 30(3):361-370.
