Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance >
Study on Helium Permeation in Rubidium Clock’s Vapor Cell
Received date: 2024-01-02
Online published: 2024-03-01
Vapor cell’s helium permeation is considered to be one of the reasons for the frequency drift of rubidium (Rb) clocks. In this study, we measured the helium permeability for both commonly used Pyrex Rb cell and newly developed anti-helium aluminosilicate Rb cell. Their helium permeabilities at operating temperatures (~60 ℃) are 2E-19 m2/(Pa•s) and ≤3E-22 m2/(Pa•s), respectively. The analysis shows that the Pyrex Rb cells causes clock drift from helium permeation to be about E-13/day in the first four years and E-14/day in the next six years, and the aluminosilicate Rb cell can suppress the drift from helium permeation to E-16/day. The results are instructive for improving Rb clock’s long-term frequency drift performance.
ZUO Yulong , LI Dou , XU Junqiu , ZHU Weihang , WANG Pengfei , MING Gang , WANG Fang , WANG Chen , KANG Songbai , ZHAO Feng , MEI Ganghua . Study on Helium Permeation in Rubidium Clock’s Vapor Cell[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2024 , 41(4) : 469 -475 . DOI: 10.11938/cjmr20243093
| [1] | BLOCH M, MANCINI O, MCCLELLAND T. Performance of rubidium and quartz clocks in space[C]// Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and PDA Exhibition (Cat. No.02CH37234), New Orleans, LA. USA:IEEE, 2002:505-509. |
| [2] | CAMPARO J, KLIMCAK C. Influence of the atmosphere on a rubidium clock's frequency aging[C]// Proceedings of the 39th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Meeting, Long Beach, California, USA, 2007: 317-322. |
| [3] | CAMPARO J C, KLIMCAK C M, HERBULOCK S J. Frequency equilibration in the vapor-cell atomic clock[J]. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas, 2005, 54(5): 1873-1880. |
| [4] | LI D, WANG P F, ZHONG D, et al. Calculation and analysis of helium permeation induced frequency drift of the rubidium atomic clock[J]. Chinese J Magn Reson, 2024, 41(3): 331-340. |
| 李豆, 王鹏飞, 钟达, 等. 氦气渗透导致铷原子钟频率漂移的计算与分析[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2024, 41(3): 331-340. | |
| [5] | ROGERS W A, BURITZ R S, ALPERT D. Diffusion coefficient, solubility, and permeability for helium in glass[J]. J Appl Phys, 1954, 25(7): 868-875. |
| [6] | KAWASAKI K, SENZAKI K. Permeation of helium gas through glass[J]. Jpn J Appl Phys, 1962, 1(4): 223-226. |
| [7] | NORTON F J. Helium diffusion through glass[J]. J Am Ceram Soc, 1953, 36: 90-96. |
| [8] | ALTEMOSE V O. Helium diffusion through glass[J]. J Appl Phys, 1961, 32(7): 1309-1316. |
| [9] | HARDING G L. Helium permeation in all-glass tubular evacuated solar energy collectors[J]. Sol Energy Mater. 1981, 5(2): 141-147. |
| [10] | DELLIS A T, SHAH V, DONLEY E A, et al. Low helium permeation cells for atomic microsystems technology[J]. Opt Lett, 2016, 41(12): 2775-2778. |
| [11] | BUDKER D, ROMALIS M. Optical magnetometry[J]. Nat Phys, 2007, 3: 227-234. |
| [12] | BIEDERMANN G?W, MCGUINNESS H?J, RAKHOLIA A?V, et al. Atom interferometry in a warm vapor[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2017, 118(16): 163601. |
| [13] | CARLé C, KESHAVARZI S, MURSA A, et al. Reduction of helium permeation in microfabricated cells using aluminosilicate glass substrates and Al2O3 coatings[J]. J Appl Phys, 2023, 133 (21): 214501. |
| [14] | 王义遒. 量子频标原理[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1986. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |