致痫剂量尼古丁对青少年雌性大鼠海马结构的影响

doi:10.11938/cjmr20253146

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，青少年使用电子烟后出现癫痫发作的案例频现，引发了社会各界对尼古丁过量摄入潜在健康风险的深切关注．相较于成年人，青少年对尼古丁的强化效应更为敏感，且对其负面影响的耐受性更强，可能导致更高的尼古丁摄入量．研究表明，尼古丁具有诱发癫痫的潜在风险．现有临床研究主要关注尼古丁的成瘾性，而致痫剂量尼古丁对青少年大脑发育的影响仍缺乏系统研究．本研究探索了重复致痫剂量尼古丁腹腔注射对青少年雌性大鼠脑结构与行为的影响．结果表明，尼古丁暴露导致雌性大鼠海马dCA1/DG区域的灰质体积在短期和长期均增加．此外，尼古丁暴露诱发了海马dCA1/DG区域小胶质细胞的短期激活以及识别记忆功能的长期下降．

关键词: 磁共振成像（MRI）, 尼古丁, 青少年, 海马, 小胶质细胞

Abstract:

In recent years, there have been frequent cases of seizures among adolescents after using e-cigarettes, which has aroused deep concern about the potential health risks of excessive nicotine intake. Compared to adults, adolescents exhibit heightened sensitivity to nicotine’s reinforcing effects and greater tolerance to its adverse effects, which may lead to increased nicotine intake. Evidence indicates that nicotine possesses seizure potential. While clinical research mainly focuses on nicotine addiction, the impact of seizure-inducing doses of nicotine on adolescent brain development remains understudied. This study investigates the impact of intraperitoneal injections of nicotine at seizure-inducing doses on the brain structure and behavior of adolescent female rats. The results indicate that nicotine exposure leads to both short-term and long-term increases in gray matter volume in the hippocampal dCA1/DG regions of female rats. Additionally, nicotine exposure triggers short-term activation of microglia in the hippocampal dCA1/DG regions and a long-term decline in recognition memory function.

Key words: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nicotine, adolescent, hippocampus, microglia

中图分类号:

O482.53

陈茜, 刘思婕, 蔡悦, 程琳琳, 王旭霞, 康彦, 林富春, 雷皓. 致痫剂量尼古丁对青少年雌性大鼠海马结构的影响[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2025, 42(4): 345-354.

CHEN Xi, LIU Sijie, CAI Yue, CHENG Linlin, WANG Xuxia, KANG Yan, LIN Fuchun, LEI Hao. Effects of Seizure-inducing Doses Nicotine on Hippocampal Structure in Adolescent Female Rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2025, 42(4): 345-354.

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