Abstract: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common neurological disorder in clinical practice, and its diagnosis and management are challenging due to the hidden nature of symptoms and the complexity of the pathology. Although traditional imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dominate in the assessment of the acute phase, they have limitations in detecting minor injuries and evaluating long-term prognosis. In recent years, multimodal MRI technology has been continuously developed in the research of mTBI, providing new ideas for revealing its potential pathological mechanisms and exploring objective imaging indicators. Among them, susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) can sensitively detect microbleeds and iron deposition in the brain, amide proton transfer (APT) imaging can reflect changes in molecular and metabolic levels, and diffusion and functional imaging techniques can help depict abnormalities in white matter microstructure and brain networks. The integration of multimodal MRI and the construction of imaging databases will be important directions for promoting early diagnosis, precise assessment, and artificial intelligence-assisted intervention. This article systematically reviews the research progress of related MRI techniques, analyzes their advantages and limitations, and discusses their prospects in clinical translation.

Key words: Key words: Mlid Traumatic Brain Injury, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Susceptibility- Weighteg Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Functional MRI